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Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12

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Bài 16:

Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question.

A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual, and specialized communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance. When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate unsureness or fright, confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie themHere the speaker's tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are usually discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of communication that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or gesture. The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills, personality, and ability to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication.

Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed.      

Câu hỏi số 1:

What does the passage mainly discuss?

Câu hỏi số 2:

What does the author mean by staring that, "At interpersonal levels, tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen" (lines 7-8)?  

Câu hỏi số 3:

The word "Here" in line 8 refers to _______ .

Câu hỏi số 4:

The word "derived" in line 12 is closest in meaning to _______ .

Câu hỏi số 5:

Why does the author mention "artistic, political, or pedagogic communication" in line 13?

Câu hỏi số 6:

According to the passage, an exuberant tone of voice, may be an indication of a person's _______ .  

Câu hỏi số 7:

According to the passage, an overconfident front may hide _______ .

Câu hỏi số 8:

The word "drastically" in line 19 is closest in meaning to _______ .

Câu hỏi số 9:

The word "evidenced" in line 20 is closest in meaning to _______ .

Câu hỏi số 10:

According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate?

Bài 17:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

     In addition to the great ridges and volcanic chains, the oceans conceal another form of undersea mountains: the strange guyot, or flat-topped seamount. No marine geologist even suspected the existence of these isolated mountains until they were discovered by geologist Harry H. Hess in 1946. He was serving at the time as a naval officer on a ship equipped with a fathometer. Hess named these truncated peaks for the nineteenth-century Swiss-born geologist Arnold Guyot, who had served on the faculty of Princeton University for thirty years. Since then, hundreds of guyots have been discovered in every ocean but the Arctic. Like offshore canyons, guyots present a challenge to oceanographic theory. They are believed to be extinct volcanoes. Their flat tops indicate that they once stood above or just below the surface, where the action of waves leveled off their peaks. Yet today, by definition, their summits are at least 600 feet below the surface, and some are as deep as 8,200 feet. Most lie between 3,200 feet and 6,500 feet. Their tops are not really flat but slope upward to a low pinnacle at the center. Dredging from the tops of guyots has recovered basalt and coral rubble, and that would be expected from the eroded tops of what were once islands. Some of this material is over 80 million years old. Geologists think the drowning of guyots involved two processes: The great weight of the volcanic mountains depressed the sea floor beneath them, and the level of these  a rose a number of times, especially when the last Ice Age ended, some 8,000 to 11,000 years ago.

Câu hỏi số 1:

What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? 

Câu hỏi số 2:

The word “ conceal” is closest in meaning to which of the following? 

Câu hỏi số 3:

The passage implies that guyots were first detected by means of 

Câu hỏi số 4:

The author indicates that Arnold Guyot 

Câu hỏi số 5:

What does the passage say about the Arctic Ocean? 

Câu hỏi số 6:

The author states that offshore canyons and guyots have which of the following characteristic in common?

Câu hỏi số 7:

According to the passage, most guyots are found at a depth of 

Câu hỏi số 8:

Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “rubble”

Câu hỏi số 9:

According to the passage, which of the following two processes were involved in the submersion of guyots ?

Câu hỏi số 10:

 According to the passage when did sea level significantly rise? 

Bài 18:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

      Humans have struggled against weeds since the beginnings of agriculture. Marring our gardens is one of the milder effects of weeds – any plants that thrive where they are unwanted. They clog waterways, destroy wildlife habitats, and impede farming. Their spread eliminates grazing areas and accounts for one-third of all crop loss. They compete for sunlight, nutrients, and water with useful plants.

      The global need for weed control had been answered mainly by the chemical industry. Its herbicides are effective and sometimes necessary, but some pose serious problems, particularly if misused. Toxic compounds threaten animal and public health when they accumulate in food plants, groundwater, and drinking water. They also harm workers who apply them. In recent years, the chemical industry has introduced several herbicides that are more ecologically sound. Yet new chemicals alone cannot solve the world’s weed problems. Hence, scientists are exploring the innate weed-killing powers of living organisms, primarily insects and microorganisms.

   The biological agents now in use are environmentally benign and are harmless to humans. They can be chosen for their ability to attack selected targets and leave crops and other plants untouched. In contrast, some of the most effective chemicals kill virtually all the plants they come in contact with, sparing only those that are naturally resistant or have been genetically modified for resistance. Furthermore, a number of biological agents can be administered only once, after which no added applications are needed. Chemicals typically must be used several times per growing season.

Câu hỏi số 1:

With what topic does this passage primarily deal? 

Câu hỏi số 2:

The word ‘marring’ in bold is closest in meaning to 

Câu hỏi số 3:

The word ‘clog’ in bold is closest in meaning to 

Câu hỏi số 4:

Which of the following terms does the author define in the first paragraph? 

Câu hỏi số 5:

Which of the following statements about the use of chemical agents as herbicides would the author most likely agree?

Câu hỏi số 6:

Which of the following is NOT given as an advantage of using biological agents over chemical herbicides?

Câu hỏi số 7:

The word ‘innate’ in bold is closest in meaning to 

Câu hỏi số 8:

According to the passage, biological agents mainly consist of 

Câu hỏi số 9:

The word ‘applications’ in bold could best be replaced by which of the following? 

Câu hỏi số 10:

Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage? 

Bài 19:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

       The election of Andrew Jackson to the presidency in1928 marked the political ascendancy of the “common man” in American politics. Whereas all previous presidents had been Easterners from well-to-do families, Jackson was a self-made man of modest wealth from the West. Born in 1767, Jackson fought in the American Revolution, in which many of his relatives died. Afterwards, he studied law and moved to the Western District of North California. When that territory became the state of Tennessee, Jackson was elected the state’s first congressman. His name became a household word during the war of 1812, when, as a U.S Army major general, he led troops against the Creek Indians in the Mississippi Territory and later defeated the British at New Orleans.

      After his presidential inauguration, Jackson rode on horseback to the White House to attend a private party. Crowds of well-wishers suddenly appeared at the reception and nearly destroyed the White House as they tried to glimpse the new president. The common man had made a dramatic entrance onto the national political scene.

      Jackson’s two terms moved American society toward truer democracy. Many states abandoned property requirements for voting. Elected officialsbegan to act more truly as representatives of the people than as their leaders. As president of the common man, Jackson waged a war against the Bank of the United States, vetoing the bill that re-chartered the institution, declaring it a dangerous monopoly that profited the wealthy few.

     Although he had built his reputation as an Indian fighter during the War of 1812, Jackson was not an Indian hater. He adopted what was at the time considered an enlightened solution to the Indian problem-removal. Many tribes submitted peacefully to being moved to the West. Others were marched by force to the Indian Territory, under brutal conditions, along what the Cherokees called the Trail of Tears.

    One of Andrew Jackson’s most enduring legacies was the Democratic Party, which under him became a highly organized political party. In opposition to the Democrats were the Whigs, a party that attracted supporters of the Bank of the United States and opposed the tyranny of the man called “King Andrew”. A less specific but more basic legacy is the populist philosophy of politics that still bears the name “Jacksonian Democracy.”

Câu hỏi số 1:

The author’s perspective toward Andrew Jackson could be best described as_______. 

Câu hỏi số 2:

The phrase ‘became the household word” in paragraph 1 means that__________. 

Câu hỏi số 3:

The author suggests that Jackson’s election and inauguration __________. 

Câu hỏi số 4:

The word “institution” in paragraph 3 refers to__________. 

Câu hỏi số 5:

According to the passage, why did Jackson oppose the Bank of the United States? 

Câu hỏi số 6:

According to the passage, Jackson’s policy toward American Indians was__________.

Câu hỏi số 7:

The word “brutal” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to__________. 

Câu hỏi số 8:

The word “legacy” in lines 22 and 25 in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to_____

Câu hỏi số 9:

Which of the following is NOT attributed to Andrew Jackson? 

Câu hỏi số 10:

Which of the following could NOT be inferred about Andrew Jackson? 

Bài 20:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

        The initial contact between American Indians and European settlers usually involved trade, whereby Indians acquired tools and firearms and the Europeans obtained furs. These initial events usually pitted Indian tribes against each other as they competed for the European trade and for the lands containing fur-producing animals. When the furs had been depleted, the Europeans began a campaign to obtain the lands the Indians occupied. The Indians often formed confederations and alliances to fight back the Europeans; however, the Indians’ involvement in the white people’s wars usually disrupted these confederations. Indians resisted the attempts by the whites to displace them. They fought defensive wars such as the Black Hawk War in 1832. Indian uprisings also occurred, like the Sioux uprising in the 1860s.

   Despite the resistance of the Indians, the Europeans were destined to win the conflict. After Indian resistance was crushed, the whites legitimized the taking of Indian lands by proposing treaties, frequently offering gifts to Indian chiefs to get them sign the treaties. Once an Indian group had signed a treaty, the whites proceeded to remove them from their land. Often the Indians were forced west of the Mississippi into Indian Territory-land the whites considered uninhabitable. If only a few Indians remained after the conquest, they were often absorbed by local tribes or forced onto reservations.

        No aspect of American history is more poignant than the accounts of the forced removal of Indians across the continent. As white settlers migrated farther west, Indians were forced to sign new treaties giving up the lands earlier treaties had promised them. Some Indian tribes, realizing the futility of resistance, accepted their fate and moved westward without force. The Winnebagos, who offered little resistance, were shifted from place to place between 1829 and 1866. About half of them perished during their perpetual sojourn. Other tribes, however, bitterly resisted. The Seminoles signed a treaty in 1832 but violently resisted removal. Hostilities broke out in 1835 and continued for seven years. The United States government lost nearly 1,500 men and spent over $50 million in its attempts to crush Seminole resistance. Most of Seminoles were eventually forced to Indian Territory. However, several hundred remained in the Florida Everglades, where their descendants live today.

Câu hỏi số 1:

What does the passage mainly discuss? 

Câu hỏi số 2:

What does the author mean by the phrase “pitted Indian tribes against each other”? 

Câu hỏi số 3:

The word “legitimized “in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to__________

Câu hỏi số 4:

It can be concluded from the lines 9-11 that__________.

Câu hỏi số 5:

The author makes the point that Indian Territory was__________.

Câu hỏi số 6:

According to the passage, which of the following did NOT happen? 

Câu hỏi số 7:

In lines 15-17, the author implies that__________. 

Câu hỏi số 8:

he word “futility” could be best replaced by__________. 

Câu hỏi số 9:

The word “perpetual” in paragraph3 is closest in meaning to__________.

Câu hỏi số 10:

According to the passage, which tribe did NOT fight against removal? 

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