Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
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Bài 36:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions .
In the American colonies there was little money. England did not supply the colonies with coins and did not allow the colonies to make their own coins, except for the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which received permission for a short period in 1652 to make several kinds of silver coins. England wanted to keep money out of America as a means of controlling trade: America was forced to trade only with England if it did not have the money to buy products from other countries. The result during this pre-revolutionary period was that the colonists used various goods in place of money: beaver pelts, Indian wampum, and tobacco leaves were all commonly used substitutes for money. The colonists also made use of any foreign coins they could obtain. Dutch, Spanish, French, and English coins were all in use in the American colonies.
During the Revolutionary War, funds were needed to finance the world, so each of the individual states and the Continental Congress issued paper money. So much of this paper money was printed that by the end of the war, almost no one would accept it. As a result, trade in goods and the use of foreign coins still flourished during this period.
By the time the Revolutionary War had been won by the American colonists, the monetary system was in a state of total disarray. To remedy this situation, the new Constitution of the United States, approved in 1789, allowed Congress to issue money. The individual states could no longer have their own money supply. A few years later, the Coinage Act of 1792 made the dollar the official currency of the United States and put the country on a bimetallic standard. In this bimetallic system, both gold and silver were legal money, and the rate of exchange of silver to gold was fixed by the government at sixteen to one.
Câu hỏi số 1:
The passage mainly discusses ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 2:
The passage indicates that during the colonial period, money was ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 3:
The Massachusetts Bay Colony was allowed to make coins ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 4:
The expression “a means of” in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by _________ .
Câu hỏi số 5:
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a substitute for money during the colonial period?
Câu hỏi số 6:
The pronoun “it” in paragraph 2 refers to which of the following ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 7:
It is implied in the passage that at the end of the Revolutionary War, a paper dollar was worth ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 8:
The word “remedy” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to __________ .
Câu hỏi số 9:
How was the monetary system arranged in the Constitution?
Câu hỏi số 10:
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the bimetallic monetary system?
Bài 37:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions .
Every drop of water in the ocean, even in the deepest parts, responds to the forces that create the tides. No other force that affects the sea is so strong. Compared with the tides, the waves created by the wind are surface movements felt no more than a hundred fathoms below the surface. The currents also seldom involve more than the upper several hundred fathoms despite their impressive sweep.
The tides are a response of the waters of the ocean to the pull of the Moon and the more distant Sun. In theory, there is a gravitational attraction between the water and even the outermost star of the universe. In reality, however, the pull of remote stars is so slight as to be obliterated by the control of the Moon and, to a lesser extent, the Sun. Just as the Moon rises later each day by fifty minutes, on the average, so, in most places, the time of high tide is correspondingly later each day. And as the Moon waxes and wanes in its monthly cycle, so the height of the tide varies. The tidal movements are strongest when the Moon is a sliver in the sky, and when it is full. These are the highest flood tides and the lowest ebb tides of the lunar month and are called the spring tides. At these times the Sun, Moon, and Earth are nearly in line and the pull of the two heavenly bodies is added together to bring the water high on the beaches, to send its surf upward against the sea cliffs, and to draw a high tide into the harbors. Twice Each month, at the quarters of the Moon, when the Sun, Moon, and Earth lie at the apexes of a triangular configuration and the pull of the Sun and Moon are opposed, the moderate tidal movements called neap tides occur. Then the difference between high and low water is less than at any other time during the month.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What is the main point of the first paragraph?
Câu hỏi số 2:
The word “felt” is closest in meaning to __________ .
Câu hỏi số 3:
The words “In reality” are closest in meaning to ________ .
Câu hỏi số 4:
It can be inferred from the passage that the most important factor in determining how much gravitational effect one object in space has on the tides is _________ .
Câu hỏi số 5:
The word “correspondingly” is closest in meaning to _________ .
Câu hỏi số 6:
What is the cause of spring tides?
Câu hỏi số 7:
Where in the passage does the author mention movements of ocean water other than those caused by tides?
Câu hỏi số 8:
The word “configuration” is closest in meaning to ________ .
Câu hỏi số 9:
Neap tides occur when __________ .
Câu hỏi số 10:
According to the passage, all of the following statements about tides are true EXCEPT __________ .
Bài 38:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Anteaters are so named because they eat white termites. Few people realize that anteaters have no teeth. Their Jawbones protrude and are almost entirely covered with skin, making their oral cavities very small. An anteater's tongue, covered with adhesive saliva to hold termites on touch, can be extended a long way beyond its mouth. Then the animal draws its back and swallows. Although some termites build sizable mud nests, the anteater's powerful front paws have lengthy claws that can tear open the termites' nests, either on the ground or in trees.
The claws on anteaters' front legs are so long that the animals walk on the outer edges of their feet rather than on the soles. The longest claw folds back into a skin pouch in the sole of the foot. The solitary Tamadua anteater utilizes its prehensile tail as an arm to grasp a tree branch and lift itself as high as the tree crown. This physical characteristic enables the Tamadua anteaters to live and hunt in trees. The silky anteater can also live in trees and sleeps curled up on a branch, to which it anchors itself by its tail and hind feet. Although the animals rarely attack, when disturbed they rear up on their hind legs and draw their forefeet alongside their head to strike an enemy with their claws or to squeeze it in their forearms. With only one offspring at a time, these mamals are extremely protective of their young, which ride on their mother's back. Little is known about anteaters' habitats and social organization.
Câu hỏi số 1:
According to the passage, anteaters ________ .
Câu hỏi số 2:
What do anteaters do to grasp termites?
Câu hỏi số 3:
What explains the anteaters' distinguishing walk?
Câu hỏi số 4:
In the passage, the word "solitary" is closest in meaning to ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 5:
In the passage, the word "crown" is closest in meaning to _________ .
Câu hỏi số 6:
Why is an anteater's tail compared to an arm?
Câu hỏi số 7:
In the passage, the word "anchors" is closest in meaning to _________ .
Câu hỏi số 8:
It can be inferred from the passage that anteaters ________ .
Câu hỏi số 9:
In the passage, the word " offspring" is closest in meaning to __________ .
Câu hỏi số 10:
Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?
Bài 39:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions .
"The economic history of the United States", one scholar has written, "is the history of the rise and development of the capitalistic system". The colonists of the eighteenth century pushed forward what those of the seventeenth century have begun: the expansion and elaboration of an economy born in the great age of capitalist expansion.
Our excellent natural resources paved the way for the development of abundant capital to increase our growth. Capital includes the tools – such as: machines, vehicles, and buildings – that makes the outputs of labor and resources more valuable. But it also includes the funds necessary to buy those tools. If a society had to consume everything it produced just to stay alive, nothing could be put aside to increase future productions. But if a farmer can grow more corn than his family needs to eat, he can use the surplus as seed to increase the next crop, or to feed workers who build tractors. This process of capital accumulation was aided in the American economy by our cultural heritage. Saving played an important role in the European tradition. It contributed to American’s motivation to put something aside today for the tools to buy tomorrow.
The great bulk of the accumulated wealth of America, as distinguished from what was consumed, was derived either directly or indirectly from trade. Though some manufacturing existed, its role in the accumulation of capital was negligible. A merchant class of opulent proportions was already visible in the seaboard cities, its wealth as the obvious consequence of shrewd and resourceful management of the carrying trade. Even the rich planters of tidewater Virginia and the rice coast of South Carolina finally depended for their genteel way of life upon the ships and merchants who sold their tobacco and rice in the markets of Europe. As colonial production rose and trade expanded, a business community emerged in the colonies, linking the provinces by lines of trade and identity of interest.
Câu hỏi số 1:
With what subject is this passage mainly concerned?
Câu hỏi số 2:
The phrase "paved the way" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______ .
Câu hỏi số 3:
It can be inferred from the passage that the European ancestors of early Americans __________.
Câu hỏi số 4:
The word "it" in the third sentence of paragraph 2 refers to ________ .
Câu hỏi số 5:
The word "funds" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _______ .
Câu hỏi số 6:
According to the passage, which of the following would lead to accumulating capital?
Câu hỏi số 7:
According to the passage, capital includes all of the following EXCEPT ________ .
Câu hỏi số 8:
According to the passage, the emergence of a business community in the colonies was a result of ________ .
Câu hỏi số 9:
The phrase "put aside" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _________ .
Câu hỏi số 10:
The word "negligible" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _________ .
Bài 40:
Read the following passage and choose the best answer:
At the age of sixty-five, Laura Ingalls Wilder began writing a series of novels for young people based on her early experiences on the American frontier. Born in the state of Wisconsinin 1867, she and her family were rugged pioneers. Seeking better farm land, they went by covered wagon to Missouriin 1869, then on the Kansasthe next year, returning to Wisconsinin 1871, and traveling on to Minnesotaand Iowabefore setting permanently in South Dakotain 1879. Because of this constant moving, Wilder’s early education took place sporadically in a succession of one-room schools. From age thirteen to sixteen, she attended schools more regularly, although she never graduated.At the age of eighteen, she married Almanzo James Wilder. They bought a small farm in the Ozarks, where they remained for the rest of their lives. Their only daughter, Rose, who had become a nationally known journalist, encouraged her mother to write. Serving as an agent and editor, Rose negotiated with Harper’s to publish her mother’s first book, Little House in the Big Woods. Seven more books followed, each chronicling her early life on the plains. Written from the perspective of a child, they have remained popular with young readers from many nations. Twenty years after her death in 1957, a weekly television series, Little House on The Prairie, was produced, based on the stories from the Wilder books.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What is the main topic of the passage?
Câu hỏi số 2:
Laura Ingalls Wilder began writing novels ______.
Câu hỏi số 3:
The author mentions all of the following in Laura Ingalls Wilder’s life except ______.
Câu hỏi số 4:
It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
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