Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.
Halloween is meant to be a time of fun. The scary monsters are make-believe and therefore not too _____ (41). Scary is OK when it is not for _____(42).Unfortunately, there are some real____ (43)associated with the holiday. In order to really have fun, you must be aware of them and take the _______ (44)precautions. If you go out trick-or-treating, you don’t have to worry about being hurt by werewolves or ghosts. You do have to worry about vehicles that could accidentally hit you as you walk along a _____(45) road. If possible, stick to sidewalks. Wear bright costumes or reflecting tape so that drivers can easily______(46)you. Carry a flashlight to make _____(47) even more____ (48). Tragically, the real monsters of this world are a small percentage of humans who would deliberately hurt you. Children should always be accompanied by an ______ (49) as they go from house to house. It is best to go the homes of people you know and trust. When you get home, carefully ______(50) the treats you have gathered to make sure that they haven’t been tampered with. Halloween can be an enjoyable and safe holiday of you know the difference between the imaginary and real dangers of the night.
Notes:
- make-believe (n): sự giả vờ, sự giả bộ
- werewolf ( hoặc werwolf): ma sói ( người biến thành sói, nhất là vào lúc trăng tròn trong các câu chuyện)
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leader, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability,decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done“. “Expressive leadership”, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflicts among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group‘s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humour, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
MARRIED IN A KIMONO, HAPPY IN SWITZERLAND
We interviewed Mayumi, a 36-year-old Japanese woman who has lived in the Swiss town of Bevaix for two years with her husband, an Englishman, whom she meton the banks of Lake Neuchatel in Switzerland.
“In Japan, to answer someone with a ‘no’ is very impolite. We almost never say it!”said Mayumi. She is thinking back to how she kept this custom even upon her arrival in Switzerland. “The Japanese manage not to ask directly in order not to embarrass the person they are speaking with. But here, people ask very directly, ‘Do you want a glass of wine? ‘Would you like some coffee?’ Well. I always felt I had to say ‘yes'.
Mayumi first set herself up in the city of Monteux, the spectacular resort town on the banks of Lake Geneva. She wanted to finish her education as a tour guide, and she thought that she would be able to communicate with Swiss people in English. “But here, relatively few people speak English!" she told us. However, she was able to find someone who indeed spoke English very well - her future husband, who was an Englishman.
The couple has been married for two years. They live in an extremely modern house in Bevaix, where Mayumi spends most of her time. She has become a mother,and she interrupted her studies to have her second child, a little girl whose name translated as “purity”. Naming a child isn’t taken lightly in Japan. and Mayumi hadher mother consult a specialist to make sure her choice of name was a good one.Mayumi’s roots are in the city of lzumo, west of Osaka. Her brother and her parentsstill live in the same place, under the same roof.
ln Japan, tradition says that the eldest son and his wife should come to live in his parents’ house with his parents. Mayumi certainly could have been married back inJapan. She refused three proposals of marriage there.
Her mother, on the other hand, was married before she was 20. According to the institution of arranged marriages, she knew from when she was a little girl that her parents, Mayumi’s grandparents, would choose a husband for her. Mayumi is bothmodern and traditional. She raises her children to have Japanese manners. Her son,at 20 months of age. modestly bow his head with his hands folded before every meal.Mayumi told us, “It is a way of showing respect for the family that provided the food.The elder members of the family sit at the top of the Japanese family. In Japan,people who work hard to support the family are shown respect.” Mayumi can remember her brother coming home from work each night at 10:00 p.m. “We have very few vacation days, and it‘s very rare to have a week off." says Mayumi. When her brother attended her wedding in Switzerland, he had to leave the very next day. On her wedding day, she dressed up in a kimono of beautiful Japanese fabric. Mayumi doesn‘t think about going back to live in Japan. “I prefer to raise my children here. In Japan, education is so competitive and severe. Furthermore, my husband would never want to live there - there would be too many new rules to learn!”However, Mayumi holds things associated with Japan close to her heart. During herteen years. she studied calligraphy (the art of writing), the tea ceremony, as well asl the Japanese version of flower arranging. She is also an expert cook, and she shows off her Japanese dishes to her Swiss friends who are eager to learn from her.