Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Glass is a remarkable substance made from the simplest raw materials. It can be colored or colorless, monochrome or polychrome, transparent, translucent, or opaque. It is lightweight impermeable to liquids, readily cleaned and reused, durable yet fragile, and often very beautiful Glass can be decorated in multiple ways and its optical properties are exceptional. In all its myriad forms – as table ware, containers, in architecture and design –glass represents a major achievement in the history of technological developments.
Since the Bronze Age about 3,000 B.C., glass has been used for making various kinds of objects. It was first made from a mixture of silica, line and an alkali such as soda or potash, and these remained the basic ingredients of glass until the development of lead glass in the seventeenth century. When heated, the mixture becomes soft and malleable and can be formed by various techniques into a vast array of shapes and sizes. The homogeneous mass thus formed by melting then cools to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid. In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow. Why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.
Another unusual feature of glass is the manner in which its viscosity changes as it turns from a cold substance into a hot, ductile liquid. Unlike metals that flow or “freeze” at specific temperatures glass progressively softens as the temperature rises, going through varying stages of malleability until it flows like a thick syrup. Each stage of malleability allows the glass to be manipulated into various forms, by different techniques, and if suddenly cooled the object retains the shape achieved at that point. Glass is thus amenable to a greater number of heat-forming techniques than most other materials.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Glass is a remarkable substance made from the simplest raw materials. It can be colored or colorless, monochrome or polychrome, transparent, translucent, or opaque. It is lightweight impermeable to liquids, readily cleaned and reused, durable yet fragile, and often very beautiful Glass can be decorated in multiple ways and its optical properties are exceptional. In all its myriad forms – as table ware, containers, in architecture and design –glass represents a major achievement in the history of technological developments.
Since the Bronze Age about 3,000 B.C., glass has been used for making various kinds of objects. It was first made from a mixture of silica, line and an alkali such as soda or potash, and these remained the basic ingredients of glass until the development of lead glass in the seventeenth century. When heated, the mixture becomes soft and malleable and can be formed by various techniques into a vast array of shapes and sizes. The homogeneous mass thus formed by melting then cools to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid. In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process. This is why glass shatters so easily when dealt a blow. Why glass deteriorates over time, especially when exposed to moisture, and why glassware must be slowly reheated and uniformly cooled after manufacture to release internal stresses induced by uneven cooling.
Another unusual feature of glass is the manner in which its viscosity changes as it turns from a cold substance into a hot, ductile liquid. Unlike metals that flow or “freeze” at specific temperatures glass progressively softens as the temperature rises, going through varying stages of malleability until it flows like a thick syrup. Each stage of malleability allows the glass to be manipulated into various forms, by different techniques, and if suddenly cooled the object retains the shape achieved at that point. Glass is thus amenable to a greater number of heat-forming techniques than most other materials.
Quảng cáo
Câu 1: Why does the author list the characteristics of glass in paragraph 1?
A. To demonstrate how glass evolved
B. To show the versatility of glass
C. To explain glassmaking technology
D. To explain the purpose of each component of glass
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Đáp án : B(2) bình luận (1) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
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Lời giải thành viên :
TRẦN BÌNH HUYÊN C. để chỉ ra những đặctính bất định của thủy tinhThích Bình luận (0) Tỉ lệ đúng 77%
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Câu 2: The word “durable“‘ in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to______.
A. lasting
B. delicate
C. heavy
D. plain
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Đáp án : A(2) bình luận (1) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
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Lời giải thành viên :
TRẦN BÌNH HUYÊN A. bền lâu; delicate: mỏng manh heavy: nặng; plain: duy nhất/ chỉThích Bình luận (0) Tỉ lệ đúng 77%
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Câu 3: What does the author imply about the raw materials used to make glass?
A. They were the same for centuries.
B. They are liquid.
C. They are transparent.
D. They are very heavy.
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Đáp án : A(3) bình luận (1) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
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Lời giải thành viên :
TRẦN BÌNH HUYÊN Đoạn 2: ......in the seventeenth century : .....ở thế kỉ 17==> cùng thế kĩThích Bình luận (0) Tỉ lệ đúng 77%
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Câu 4: According to the passage, how is glass that has cooled and become rigid different from most other rigid substances?
A. It has an interlocking crystal network.
B. It has an unusually low melting temperature.
C. It has varying physical properties.
D. It has a random molecular structure.
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Đáp án : D(3) bình luận (0) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Ý của câu hỏi là: Theo đoạn văn, thủy tinh mà được làm lạnh và trở thành thể rắn khác như thế nào so với hầu hết các chất liệu khác.
Dựa vào nội dung đoạn 2: The homogeneous mass thus formed by melting then cools to create glass, but in contrast to most materials formed in this way (metals, for instance), glass lacks the crystalline structure normally associated with solids, and instead retains the random molecular structure of a liquid. (Khối chất mà được hình thành bằng việc nung chảy sau đó được làm lạnh để tạo thủy tinh, nhưng trái với hầu hết các nguyên liệu khác cũng được hình thành theo cách này (ví dụ như kim loại), thủy tinh thiếu cấu trúc tinh thể thường được kết hợp với thể rắn, và thay vào đó giữ lại một cách ngẫu nhiên các phân tử cấu trúc của thể lỏng.) --> D. It has random molecular structure. (Nó có cấu trúc phân tử ngẫu nhiên) là đáp án đúng.
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
Câu 5: The word “customarily” in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by “______”.
A. naturally
B. necessarily
C. usually
D. certainly
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Đáp án : C(1) bình luận (0) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
Câu 6: The words “exposed to” in paragraph 2 most likely mean ______.
A. hardened by
B. chilled with
C. subjected to
D. deprived of
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Đáp án : C(2) bình luận (1) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
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Lời giải thành viên :
Vũ Thu Hiển exposed to=subject to:tiếp xúc voiThích Bình luận (0) 1 Tỉ lệ đúng 64%
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Câu 7: What must be done to release the internal stresses that build up in glass products during manufacture?
A. The glass must be reheated and evenly cooled.
B. The glass must be cooled quickly.
C. The glass must be kept moist until cooled.
D. The glass must be shaped to its desired form immediately
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Đáp án : A(0) bình luận (0) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
Câu 8: The word “induced” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. joined
B. missed
C. caused
D. lost
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Đáp án : C(0) bình luận (1) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
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Lời giải thành viên :
Hằng Lê induce : xui khienThích Bình luận (0) Tỉ lệ đúng 70%
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Câu 9: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to______
A. feature
B. glass
C. manner
D. viscosity
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Đáp án : B(1) bình luận (0) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
Câu 10: According to the passage, why can glass be more easily shaped into specific forms than can metals
A. It resists breaking when heated
B. It has better optical properties.
C. It retains heat while its viscosity changes.
D. It gradually becomes softer as its temperature rises.
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Đáp án : D(3) bình luận (0) lời giải
Giải chi tiết:
Lời giải sai Bình thường Khá hay Rất Hay
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