Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions .
An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, anirnals, vegetation, or materials adversely. Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change.When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled — a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lerngthened. In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions.
Many of the more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed. the concentration of these pollutants was altered by various chemical reactions; They became components in biogeochemical cycles. These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil. On a global basis, nature’s output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities.
However, human production usually occurs in a localized arca, such as a city. In such a region, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level of 0.1 ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.
Trả lời cho các câu 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 dưới đây:
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Đáp án đúng là: B
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
The word “adversely” in the first paraaraph is closest in meaning to _____ .
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _______ .
Đáp án đúng là: C
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
The word “These" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______ .
Đáp án đúng là: D
Đáp án cần chọn là: D
For which of the following reasons can natural pollutants play an important role in controlling air pollution?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
According to the passage, human-generated air pollution in localized regions _____ .
Đáp án đúng là: B
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
The word “localized” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to ________ .
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
According to the passage, the numerical value of the concentration level of a substance is only useful if ________.
Đáp án đúng là: C
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
The word “detectable” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.
Đáp án đúng là: C
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
Which of the following is best supported by the passage?
Đáp án đúng là: D
Đáp án cần chọn là: D
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