Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
No one can calculate the quantity of solid waste that has been dumped in the world's oceans, but the total certainly exceeds many millions of tons. For example, from 1880 to 1895, 75 percent of the solid waste from New York City was dumped untreated into the Atlantic Ocean. Although it is now prohibited by law, the dumping of solid waste, including wastewater sludge, industrial waste, and high-level radioactive waste were common in the United States until 1970. Cruise ships and huge floating fishing factories still regularly dispose of their solid waste products directly into the ocean.
The earth naturally recycles water and refreshes the land in what is called the hydrological cycle. The hydrological cycle not only renews the supply of water, but cleans it as well. The process begins as heat from the sun causes sea water, 97 percent of the earth's total water reserve, to evaporate and form clouds. Because water evaporates at lower temperatures than most pollutants, the water vapor that rises from the seas is relatively pure and free of the contaminants, which are left behind. Next, water returns to earth as rain, which drains into streams and rivers and rushes toward the sea.
Chemicals, petroleum products, and other dangerous substances such as radioactive materials remain in the ocean, polluting it permanently. The polluted ocean water kills fish or makes them dangerous to eat, posing health problems for those who consume them. It kills the tiny sea creatures that are the source of food for larger fish, sharks, and whales. It also spoils a source of great beauty and pleasure when some solid waste is thrown onto beaches during storms. Discharged petroleum products are frequently found on beaches and they not only ruin the beach, the petroleum residue kills hundreds of shore birds.
Nonpoint pollutants are dumped into lakes, rivers, and streams that may be far away from any ocean. However, these pollutants flow, eventually, into the oceans. They can come from a variety of sources, from road salt to agricultural pesticides. One source of nonpoint pollution is runoff from farming, including fertilizers, manure, and pesticides. Another source is industrial runoff, including heavy metals, phosphorous, and many other chemicals. Urban runoff (oils, salts, various chemicals) and atmospheric fallout of airborne pollution are other sources of nonpoint pollutants that reach the oceans. This includes water and waste from sinks, toilets, washing machines, and bathtubs. The problem with this type of waste is that it provides massive amounts of nutrients for water plants, such as algae, so that they grow rapidly. This sudden growth causes concentrations or algae blooms, which use up the oxygen in the water. As the oxygen levels of the water decline, many organisms suffer and die, and the ocean ecosystem is radically altered. This can be prevented by the installation of waste treatment plants that prevent waste from entering the sea, but such facilities exist in many poorer countries.
Trả lời cho các câu 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 dưới đây:
What can be inferred about the waste dumped in the world's oceans?
Đáp án đúng là: B
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
As can inferred from the passage, which of the following was NOT disposed into the ocean?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Which of the following is NOT referred to as the use of the hydrological cycle?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Which of the following has similar meaning to the word "contaminants" in line 8 of the second paragraph?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
What does the word "which" in line 7 of the second paragraph refer to?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Why are chemicals, petroleum products and radioactive materials mentioned in the passage?
Đáp án đúng là: B
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
Which of the following is NOT referred to as a result of polluted ocean water?
Đáp án đúng là: D
Đáp án cần chọn là: D
Which of the following is NOT an example of farming runoff?
Đáp án đúng là: C
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Where is the passage most probably found?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
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