Đánh giá năng lực Hà Nội
Đánh giá năng lực Hà Nội
Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 56 to 65.
New surveys suggest that the technological tools we use to make our lives easier are killing our leisure time. We are working longer hours, taking fewer and shorter vacations (and when we do go away, we take our cell phones, PDAs, and laptops along). And, we are more stressed than ever as increased use of e-mail, voice mail, cell phones, and the Internet is destroying any idea of privacy and leisure.
Since the Industrial Revolution, people have assumed that new labor-saving devices would free them from the burdens of the workplace and give them more time to grow intellectually, creatively, and socially - exploring the arts, keeping up with current events, spending more time with friends and family, and even just 'goofing off'.
But here we are at the start of the 21st century, enjoying one of the greatest technological boom times in human history, and nothing could be further from the truth. The very tools that were supposed to liberate us have bound us to our work and study in ways that were inconceivable just a few years ago. It would seem that technology almost never does what we expect.
In 'the old days', the lines between work and leisure time were markedly clearer. People left their offices at a predictable time, were often completely disconnected from and out of touch with their jobs as they traveled to and from work, and were off-duty once they were home. That is no longer true. In today's highly competitive job market, employers demand increased productivity, expecting workers to put in longer hours and to keep in touch almost constantly via fax, cell phones, e-mail, or other communications devices. As a result, employees feel the need to check in on what is going on at the office, even on days off. They feel pressured to work after hours just to catch up on everything they have to do. Workers work harder and longer, change their work tasks more frequently, and have more and more reasons to worry about job security.
Bosses, colleagues, family members, lovers, and friends expect instant responses to voice mail and e-mail messages. Even college students have become bound to their desks by an environment in which faculty, friends, and other members of the college community increasingly do their work online. Studies of time spent on instant messaging services would probably show staggering use.
This is not what technology was supposed to be doing for us. New technologies, from genetic research to the Internet, offer all sorts of benefits and opportunities. But, when new tools make life more difficult and stressful rather than easier and more meaningful - and we are, as a society, barely conscious of it - then something has gone seriously awry, both with our expectations for technology and our understanding of how it should benefit us.
From "Summit 1" by Joan Saslow & Allen Ascher
Trả lời cho các câu 7522, 7523, 7524, 7525, 7526, 7527, 7528, 7529, 7530, 7531 dưới đây:
According to the first three paragraphs, technological tools that were designed to make our lives easier_________.
Đáp án đúng là: B
"According to the first three paragraphs, technological tools that were designed to make our lives easier have turned out to do us more harm than good." (Theo ba đoạn văn đầu, các công cụ công nghệ được thiết kế giúp cuộc sống chúng ta dễ dàng hơn trở nên lợi ít hại nhiều). Căn cứ trong bài: "It would seem that technology almost never does what we expect." (Dường như công nghệ chưa bao giờ làm được điều chúng ta mong đợi.)
Which of the following is NOT true about technological tools, according to new surveys?
Đáp án đúng là: D
Điều không đúng về lợi ích của công nghệ là: "They bring more leisure time to our life" (Chúng đem lại nhiều thời gian giải trí hơn cho cuộc sống chúng ta). Căn cứ trong bài ở đoạn 4: "In the "the old days", the line between work and leisure time were markedly clearer. People left their offices at a predictable time, were often completely disconnected from and out of touch with their jobs... That is no longer true."
Which of the following is true, according to the passage?
Đáp án đúng là: B
"People have more opportunities to get access to technological apllications." (Người ta có nhiều cơ hội hơn để tiếp cận với các ứng dụng công nghệ). Căn cứ trong bài ở đoạn 5.
The word "inconceivable" in the passage is closest in meaning to "______".
Đáp án đúng là: A
inconceivable = unimaginable = không thể tưởng tượng được.
With the phrase "at a predictable time", the author implies that__________________.
Đáp án đúng là: D
"With the pharse "at a predictable time", the author implies that people used to have more time and privacy from their work." (Với cụm từ "vào thời điểm có thể dự đoán trước", tác giả ngầm nói trước đây người ta dùng nhiều thời gian rảnh rỗi và sự riêng tư khỏi công việc của họ). Căn cứ trong bài: "People left their offices at a predictable time, were often completely disconnected from out of touch with their jobs as they traveled to and from work, and were off-duty once they were home." (Người ta rời cơ quan vào giờ có thể dự đoán trước, hoàn toàn cách li với cơ quan trong khi họ đi đến và về từ văn phòng, và hoàn toàn rảnh rỗi một khi họ đã về nhà.)
It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that______________ .
Đáp án đúng là: B
"It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that employers are more demanding and have efficient means to monitor employees." (Có thể suy ra từ đoạn 4 là ngày nay thủ trưởng đòi hỏi nhân viên cao hơn và có những phương tiện hữu hiệu để giám sát họ). Căn cứ trong bài: "In today's highly competetitive job market, employersdemand increased productivity, expecting workers to put in longer hours and to keep in touch almost constantly via fax, cell phones, e-mail or other communications devices." (Trong một thụ trường lao động cạnh tranh cao như hiện nay, các thủ trưởng đòi hỏi năng suất cao, nhân viên làm nhiều giờ hơn, liên lạc với cơ quan gần như liên tục thông qua fax, điện thoại di động, e-mail và các thiết bị viễn thông khác.)
The word "They" in the fourth paragraph refers to________.
Đáp án đúng là: C
employees. Đại từ They thay thế cho chủ từ trong câu trước là employees.
Which of the following could be the main idea of the fifth paragraph?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Ý chính đoạn 5 là: "New technology advances have added more stress to daily life". (Những thành tựu công nghệ mới góp phần làm cuộc sống hàng ngày thêm căng thẳng.)
This passage has probably been taken from__________.
Đáp án đúng là: B
Đoạn văn này có thể được trích ra từ: a science review (bài điểm tin khoa học).
Which of the following could best serve as the title of the passage?
Đáp án đúng là: D
Tựa đề thích hợp nhất cho đoạn văn là: "Expectations and Plain reality" (Sự mong đợi và thực tế rõ ràng). "Changes at the Workplace" (thay đổi nơi làm việc); "Research on the Roles of Computers" (nghiên cứu về vai trò của máy tính); "Benefits of Technology" (Lợi ích của công nghệ).
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