Section 4: Read the text and do the tasks below.It seems as if every time you turn on the television news, you hear one
Section 4: Read the text and do the tasks below.
It seems as if every time you turn on the television news, you hear one or the other of the following catchphrases of the 1990s: global warming, greenhouse effect, climate change. As it often is with catchphrases, hardly anyone knows what these phrases really mean or how they relate to each other.
In the past 100 years, in our effort to make the Earth a more civilized place, industrial production has increased by fifty times. Four fifths of that growth has come since 1950. This production - most of it based on the burning of wood, and of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas - has greatly increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. When fossil fuels are burned, they release carbon into the air in the form of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide allows heat that would normally escape from the Earth's atmosphere to remain trapped, as it would in a greenhouse - thus the greenhouse effect.
When do you burn fossil fuels? When you turn on a light, or run an air conditioner, or take a hot shower, or make toast, you contribute to the greenhouse effect. It is a by-product of the use of energy- electricity, gasoline, or oil.
But how can carbon dioxide be bad when human beings exhale it every time they breathe? Plants need carbon dioxide; they use it to grow. Oceans absorb it. And forests drink it in. Without carbon dioxide, the average surface temperature on Earth would be 0 degrees Fahrenheit, instead of 59 degrees Fahrenheit. In nature, carbon dioxide is necessary and harmless. Here is the problem: in our effort to make the world a more comfortable place, people have produced far too much of it.
Scientists have calculated that the atmosphere before the Industrial Revolution contained about 280 parts per million of carbon dioxide - the highest level recorded in the past 160,000 years. The current reading is near 360 parts per million. In the next 140 years, the carbon dioxide level should reach at least 560 parts per million.
We have increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the air by 25 percent in the past century. Carbon dioxide is not exclusively responsible for the greenhouse problem, however. Other greenhouse gases include nitrogen oxides and methane.
I. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Trả lời cho các câu 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 dưới đây:
Question 1. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Question 2. The word “trapped” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to __________.
Đáp án đúng là: B
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
Question 3. According to the passage, which of the following statement is TRUE?
Đáp án đúng là: C
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
Question 4. According to the passage, what does the author imply about the nature of carbon dioxide?
Đáp án đúng là: B
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
Question 5. The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to ________.
Đáp án đúng là: D
Đáp án cần chọn là: D
Question 6. The word "exclusively” in paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ________.
Đáp án đúng là: C
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
Question 1. People usually do not understand what catchphrases really mean.
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Question 2. Most of the growth in industrial production in the past 100 years came before 1950.
Đáp án đúng là: B
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
Question 3. Carbon dioxide allows heat to be trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere.
Đáp án đúng là: A
Đáp án cần chọn là: A
Question 4. People burn more fossil fuels when they take a hot shower than when they make toast.
Đáp án đúng là: C
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
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