Cho \(x,y,z\) là ba số thực dường thỏa mãn \(\sqrt x + \sqrt y + \sqrt z = 2\). Chứng
Cho \(x,y,z\) là ba số thực dường thỏa mãn \(\sqrt x + \sqrt y + \sqrt z = 2\). Chứng minh
\(\dfrac{{x\sqrt x }}{{x + \sqrt {xy} + y}} + \dfrac{{y\sqrt y }}{{y + \sqrt {yz} + z}} + \dfrac{{z\sqrt z }}{{z + \sqrt {zx} + x}} \ge \dfrac{2}{3}\)
Đặt \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}a = \sqrt x > 0\\b = \sqrt y > 0\\c = \sqrt z > 0\end{array} \right. \Rightarrow a + b + c = 2\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{{{a^2}}}{x} + \frac{{{b^2}}}{y} \ge \frac{{{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2}}}{{x + y}}\)
Đặt \(\left\{ \begin{array}{l}a = \sqrt x > 0\\b = \sqrt y > 0\\c = \sqrt z > 0\end{array} \right. \Rightarrow a + b + c = 2\) ta được:
\(\begin{array}{l}VT = \dfrac{{{a^3}}}{{{a^2} + ab + {b^2}}} + \dfrac{{{b^3}}}{{{b^2} + bc + {c^2}}} + \dfrac{{{c^3}}}{{{c^2} + ca + {a^2}}}\\ = \dfrac{{{a^4}}}{{{a^3} + {a^2}b + a{b^2}}} + \dfrac{{{b^4}}}{{{b^3} + {b^2}c + b{c^2}}} + \dfrac{{{c^4}}}{{{c^3} + {c^2}a + c{a^2}}}\end{array}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{{{a^2}}}{x} + \dfrac{{{b^2}}}{y} \ge \dfrac{{{{\left( {a + b} \right)}^2}}}{{x + y}}\) ta có:
\(\begin{array}{l}\dfrac{{{a^4}}}{{{a^3} + {a^2}b + a{b^2}}} + \dfrac{{{b^4}}}{{{b^3} + {b^2}c + b{c^2}}} \ge \dfrac{{{{\left( {{a^2} + {b^2}} \right)}^2}}}{{\left( {{a^3} + {a^2}b + a{b^2}} \right) + \left( {{b^3} + {b^2}c + b{c^2}} \right)}}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{{{a^4}}}{{{a^3} + {a^2}b + a{b^2}}} + \dfrac{{{b^4}}}{{{b^3} + {b^2}c + b{c^2}}} + \dfrac{{{c^4}}}{{{c^3} + {c^2}a + c{a^2}}}\\ \ge \dfrac{{{{\left( {{a^2} + {b^2}} \right)}^2}}}{{\left( {{a^3} + {a^2}b + a{b^2}} \right) + \left( {{b^3} + {b^2}c + b{c^2}} \right)}} + \dfrac{{{c^4}}}{{{c^3} + {c^2}a + c{a^2}}}\\ \ge \dfrac{{{{\left( {{a^2} + {b^2} + {c^2}} \right)}^2}}}{{\left( {{a^3} + {a^2}b + a{b^2}} \right) + \left( {{b^3} + {b^2}c + b{c^2}} \right) + \left( {{c^3} + {c^2}a + c{a^2}} \right)}}\\ = \dfrac{{{{\left( {{a^2} + {b^2} + {c^2}} \right)}^2}}}{{{a^3} + {a^2}b + {a^2}c + {b^3} + {b^2}a + {b^2}c + {c^3} + {c^2}a + {c^2}b}}\\ = \dfrac{{{{\left( {{a^2} + {b^2} + {c^2}} \right)}^2}}}{{{a^2}\left( {a + b + c} \right) + {b^2}\left( {a + b + c} \right) + {c^2}\left( {a + b + c} \right)}}\\ = \dfrac{{{{\left( {{a^2} + {b^2} + {c^2}} \right)}^2}}}{{\left( {{a^2} + {b^2} + {c^2}} \right)\left( {a + b + c} \right)}}\\ = \dfrac{{{a^2} + {b^2} + {c^2}}}{{a + b + c}}\\ = \dfrac{1}{2}\left( {\dfrac{{{a^2}}}{1} + \dfrac{{{b^2}}}{1} + \dfrac{{{c^2}}}{1}} \right)\\ \ge \dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{{{{\left( {a + b + c} \right)}^2}}}{{1 + 1 + 1}} = \dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{{{2^2}}}{3} = \dfrac{2}{3}\end{array}\)
\( \Rightarrow \dfrac{{{a^3}}}{{{a^2} + ab + {b^2}}} + \dfrac{{{b^3}}}{{{b^2} + bc + {c^2}}} + \dfrac{{{c^3}}}{{{c^2} + ca + {a^2}}} \ge \dfrac{2}{3}\) (đpcm)
Dấu “=” xảy ra khi \(a = b = c = \dfrac{2}{3}\).
Hỗ trợ - Hướng dẫn
-
024.7300.7989
-
1800.6947
(Thời gian hỗ trợ từ 7h đến 22h)
Email: lienhe@tuyensinh247.com