Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
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Bài 146:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker.
The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual and specialized communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself‘, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance. When speaking before a group, a person’s tone may indicate uncertainty or fright, confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen, or may believe them. Here the participant’s tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are usually discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of communication that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and/or gesture. The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer’s skills, personality, and ability to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication.
Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person’s self-image, perception of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be identified by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker who perceives the listener‘s receptiveness, interest. or sympathy, in any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed.
Notes:
- belie (v): gây một ấn tượng sai lầm
- intuitive (adj): thuộc về trực giác
- antipathy (adj): ác cảm
- fatigue (n): sự mệt mỏi, sự mệt nhọc
- discernible (adj): có thể nhận thức rõ, có thể thấy rõ
- empathy (n): sự thấu cảm
- exuberant (adj): cởi mở, hồ hởi
- front (n): bình phong ( nghĩa bóng)
- receptiveness (n): sự dễ lắng nghe, sự dễ lĩnh hội
Câu hỏi số 1:
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Câu hỏi số 2:
What does the author mean by stating that, “At interpersonal levels, tone mayreflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen” in the second sentence of paragraph 2?
Câu hỏi số 3:
The word “Here" in paragraph 2 refers to______
Câu hỏi số 4:
The word “derived” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_______
Câu hỏi số 5:
Why does the author mention “artistic, political, or pedagogic communication” inparagraph 2?
Câu hỏi số 6:
According to the passage, an exuberant tone of voice may be an indication of aperson’s?
Câu hỏi số 7:
According to the passage, an overconfident front may hide_______
Câu hỏi số 8:
The word “drastically” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to________
Câu hỏi số 9:
The word “evidenced" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to_____
Câu hỏi số 10:
According to the passage, what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate?
Bài 147:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Fog is a cloud in contact with or just above the surface of land or sea. It can be a major environmental hazard. Fog on highways can cause chain-reaction accidents involving dozens of cars. Delays and shutdown at airports can cause economic losses to airlines and inconveniences to thousands of travelers. Fog at sea has always been a danger to navigation. Today, with supertankers carrying vast quantities of oil, fog increases the possibility of catastrophic oil spills.
The most common type of fog, radiation fog, forms at night, when moist air near the ground loses warmth through radiation on a clear night. This type of fog often occurs in valleys, such as Califomia’s San Joaquin Valley. Another common type, advection fog, results from the movement of warm wet air over cold ground. The air loses temperature to the ground and condensation sets in, this type of fog often occurs along the California coast and the shores of the Great Lakes. Advection fog also forms when air associated with a warm ocean current blows across the surface of an cold current. The thick fogs of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, Canada, are largely of this origin; because here the Labrador Current comes in contact with the warm Gulf Stream. Two other types of fog are somewhat move unusual. Frontal fog occurs when two fronts of different temperatures meet, and rain from the warm front falls into the colder one, saturating the air. Steam fog appears when cold air picks up moisture by moving other warmer water.
Câu hỏi số 1:
The first paragraph focuses on which aspect of fog?
Câu hỏi số 2:
The word “catastrophic” is closest in meaning to _____
Câu hỏi số 3:
According to the article, fog that occurs along the California coast is generally_____
Câu hỏi số 4:
It can be inferred from the passage that the Labrador Current is____
Câu hỏi số 5:
The author organizes the discussion of the different types of fog according to ____
Câu hỏi số 6:
The author of the passage is probably an expert in the field of______
Câu hỏi số 7:
According to the article, fog that forms through radiation process of moist air is generally_______
Câu hỏi số 8:
Which is NOT true of the frontal fog?
Câu hỏi số 9:
Which of the following is NOT caused by fog?
Câu hỏi số 10:
Grand Banks of Newfoundland, Canada, is mainly affected by_____
Bài 148:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Over a period of time, many habitats change with respect to the types of plants and animals that live there. This change is known as succession.
Succession occurs because plants and animals cause a change in the environment in which they live. The first weeds and grasses that appear on a bared field, for example, change the environment by shielding the soil from the direct sunlight. As these plants spread, the ground surface becomes cooler and moisture than it was originally. Thus, the environment at the ground surface has been changed. The new surface conditions favor the spouting of shrubs. As shrubs grow, they kill the grasses by preventing light from reaching them and also build up the soil in the area. In addition, they attract animals that also enhance the soil. Pine seedlings soon take hold and as they grow, they in turn shade out the shrubs. They are not able to shade out oak and hickory seedlings; however, they have found the forest floor suitable. These seedlings grow into trees that eventually shade out the pines.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What is the best title of this passage?
Câu hỏi số 2:
Which of the correct order of plant succession in the example in the passage?
Câu hỏi số 3:
According to the passage, how do weeds and grasses affect the soil?
Câu hỏi số 4:
It can be inferred from the passage that_______
Câu hỏi số 5:
Which of the following is a stage of succession as described in the passage?
Câu hỏi số 6:
Which of the following encourages the life of animals?
Câu hỏi số 7:
The word “shielding” can be replaced by______
Câu hỏi số 8:
The word “originally” is closest in meaning to______
Câu hỏi số 9:
The word “spouting” is closest in meaning to_______
Câu hỏi số 10:
Compared to pines, hickories are______
Bài 149:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Increasing numbers of parents in the U.S. are choosing to teach their children at home. In fact, the U.S. Department of Education has estimated that in 1999, about 850,000 children were being home- schooled. Some educational experts say that the real number is double this estimate, and the ranks of home-schooled children seem to be growing at the average rate of about eleven percent every year.
At one time, there was a theory accounting for home-schooling: it was traditionally used for students who could not attend school because of behavioral or learning difficulties. Today, however, more parents are taking on the responsibility of educating their own children at home due to their dissatisfaction with the educational system. Many parents are unhappy about class size, as well as problems inside the classroom. Teacher shortages and lack of funding mean that, in many schools, one teacher is responsible for thirty or forty students. The children are, therefore, deprived of the attention they need. Escalating classroom violence has also motivated some parents to remove their children from school.
Although there have been a lot of arguments for and against it, home-schooling in the U.S. has become a multi-million dollar industry, and it is growing bigger and bigger. There are now plenty of websites, support groups, and conventions that help parents protect their rights and enable them to learn more about educating their children. Though once it was the only choice for troubled children, home- schooling today is an accepted alternative to an educational system that many believe is failing.
Câu hỏi số 1:
The word "arguments" in the third paragraph can be best replaced by "_______".
Câu hỏi số 2:
According to some experts, the exact number of home-schooled children then must be _______.
Câu hỏi số 3:
The attitude of the author towards home-schooling can be best described as _______.
Câu hỏi số 4:
More parents teach their children because they completely _______ the current educational system.
Câu hỏi số 5:
Many parents stop their children from going to school because it is now too _______ for them.
Câu hỏi số 6:
The number of parents who want to teach their own children in the U.S. is _______.
Câu hỏi số 7:
This estimated number was presented by _______.
Câu hỏi số 8:
The past participle "home-schooled" in the first paragraph is best equivalent to "_______at home".
Câu hỏi số 9:
The closest synonym of the participle phrase "accounting for" in the second paragraph is "_______".
Câu hỏi số 10:
The noun "dissatisfaction" in the second paragraph is best equivalent to "_______".
Bài 150:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
In the world today, particular in the two most industrialized areas, North America and Europe, recycling is the big news. People are talking about it, practicing it, and discovering new ways to be sensitive to the environment. Recycling means finding ways to use products a second time. The motto of the recycling movement is "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle".
The first step is to reduce garbage. In stores, a shopper has to buy products in blister packs, boxes and expensive plastic wrappings. A hamburger from a fast food restaurant comes in lots of packaging: usually paper, a box and a bag. All that packaging is wasted resources. People should try to buy things that are wrapped simply, and to reuse cups and utensils. Another way to reduce waste is to buy high- quality products. When low-quality appliances break, many customers throw them away and buy new ones - a loss of more resources and more energy. For example, if a customer buys a high-quality appliance that can be easily repaired, the manufacturer receives an important message. In the same way, if a customer chooses a product with less packaging, that customer sends an important message to the manufacturers. To reduce garbage, the throw-away must stop.
The second step is to reuse. It is better to buy juices and soft drinks in returnable bottles. After customers empty the bottles, they return them to the stores. The manufacturers of the drinks collect bottles, wash them, and then fill them again. The energy that is necessary to make new bottles is saved. In some parts of the world, returning bottles for money is a common practice. In those places, the garbage dumps have relatively little glass and plastic from throw-away bottles.
The third step being environmentally sensitive is to recycle. Spent motor oil can be cleaned and used again. Aluminum cans are expensive to make. It takes the same amount of energy to make one aluminum can as it does to run a color TV set for three hours. When people collect and recycle aluminum (for new cans), they help save one of the world's precious resources.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What does the word "sensitive" mean?
Câu hỏi số 2:
It is a waste when customers buy low-quality products because _______.
Câu hỏi số 3:
People can do the following to reduce waste EXCEPT _______.
Câu hỏi số 4:
What best describe the process of reuse?
Câu hỏi số 5:
The word "motto" is closest in meaning to _______.
Câu hỏi số 6:
What are the two things mentioned as examples of recycling?
Câu hỏi số 7:
The word "practice" is closest in meaning to _______.
Câu hỏi số 8:
Which area is considered one of the most industrialized?
Câu hỏi số 9:
Garbage dumps in some areas have relatively little glass and plastic because _______.
Câu hỏi số 10:
What is the topic of the passage?
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