Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
Lưu ý: Chức năng này hiện không còn dùng nữa, vui lòng chọn các khóa học để xem các bài giảng hoặc làm đề thi online!
Bài 156:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions .
The attraction of gold is as old as history. Since ancient times, gold has been the object of dreams and obsessions. Western literature is full of characters who kill for gold or hoard it, from King Midas in the ancient Greek myths, to Fagin in Dickens' Oliver Twist. These characters go to evil extremes to get or keep their gold and they get the punishment they deserve. Most people would not be willing to go to such extremes, of course, but they would not question the assumption that gold has lasting value above and beyond any local currency. Society change over time, customs and currencies evolve, but gold remains. A wedding ring, for example, must he gold, and so should any serious gift of jewelry. In fact, giving and wearing gold is still a mark of prestige in our postindustrial society, though gold is no longer valued as it used to be just as it has been for thousands of years.
Why is gold so valuable? True, it is shiny, durable, and rare, but it is far less useful than many other minerals or metals. It is also not like stock in a company, where the value of the stock depends on the performance of the company. Gold, on the contrary, like any currency, is valuable precisely because people believe it is valuable. That is, if people were willing to accept seashells for their labor and could use them to pay for food, fuel, and other commodities, then seashells would become a valuable currency. Thus, the value of gold depends on the collective belief that gold will continue to be valuable. As long as demand for gold remains steady, the price will hold steady; if demand is high, it will continue to increase in value. But if peoplo should someday lose faith in gold, [...].
A. Another factor that has affected the price of gold has been the increasing difficulty in acquiring it. Today, most of the gold left in the ground is in microscopic pieces mixed with rock. B. For one ounce of gold-a wedding ring, for example-the mine processes about 30 tons of rock. This is already a costly operation. C. But there are also hidden social and environmental costs. The mining and processing of gold is ruinous to the environment and to the health of people living nearby. Most of these mines are in poor regions where the people have had little voice in whether there should be mines and how the mines should be run. D. The large multinational mining companies simply bought the land and opened the mines. However, as people and govemments begin to realize the extent of the damage caused by the mines, the situation might change. Indeed, if the mining companies ever have to pay the full environmental and social costs of mining gold, the price of gold is likely to climb yet higher.
Câu hỏi số 1:
According to the passage, what is people’s behaviour towards gold?
Câu hỏi số 2:
What do many people believe about gold?
Câu hỏi số 3:
What can be inferred about a traditional wedding ring?
Câu hỏi số 4:
Which of the following is NOT True about gold?
Câu hỏi số 5:
Which of the following is can best finish the final sentence of the second paragraph where the […] is found?
Câu hỏi số 6:
According to the passage what decides the value of gold ?
Câu hỏi số 7:
What does the author believe influences the price of gold on the market?
Câu hỏi số 8:
Look at the last paragraph of the passage. Where does the following sentence best fit in the passage? To get it, miners must dig up tons and tons of rock, and then spray it with diluted cyanide (a poison) to separate out the gold.
Câu hỏi số 9:
Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?
Câu hỏi số 10:
Which of the following does the author most probably agree with?
Bài 157:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leader, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability,decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done“. “Expressive leadership”, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize tension and conflicts among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members.Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group‘s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humour, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Câu hỏi số 2:
The passage mentions all of the following ways by which people can become leaders EXCEPT_____
Câu hỏi số 3:
In mentioning “natural leaders” in paragraph 2, the author is making the pointthat______
Câu hỏi số 4:
Which of the following statement about leadership can be inferred from paragraph 2?
Câu hỏi số 5:
The passage indicates that instrumental leaders generally focus on______
Câu hỏi số 6:
The word “collective” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to____
Câu hỏi số 7:
The word “them" in paragraph 3 refers to_____
Câu hỏi số 8:
A “secondary relationship” in paragraph 4 between a leader and the members ofa group could best be characterized as_______-
Câu hỏi số 9:
The word “resolve" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to______
Câu hỏi số 10:
Paragraph 3 and 4 organize the discussion of leadership primarily in term of____
Bài 158:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
In the 1960s, the World Health Organization (WHO) began a campaign to eradicate the mosquitoes that transmit the disease malaria. It was a noble goal, since malaria kills an estimated 3 million people each year in the world's tropical regions, predominantly Southern Africa. WHO led an effort to spray the mosquitoes' habitat with a chemical pesticide-a poison used to kill insects-called DDT. Early results were promising, and the mosquito was eliminated from the edge of its native range. The effort soon faltered, however, and the eradication plan was dropped. How could a tiny mosquito thwart the best efforts of a large group of well-funded scientists?
Situations like this one have occurred dozens of times in the last several decades. In a common scenario, whenever a new type of pesticide is used to control agricultural pests, the early results are encouraging. A relatively small amount of the poison dusted onto a crop may kill 99% of the insects. However, the relatively few survivors of thee first pesticide wave are insects with genes that somehow enable them to resist the chemical attack. The poison kills mosl members of the insect population, leaving only the resistant individuals to reproduce. And when they do, their offspring inherit the genes for pesticide resistance. In each generation, the proportion of pesticide-resistant individuals in the insect population increases, making subsequent sprayings less and less effective.
Since the widespread use of chemical pesticides began in the 1940s, scientists have documented pesticide resistance in more than 500 species of insects. The problems such insects pose-through their impact on agriculture and medicine-are just some of the many ways that evolution has a direct connection to our daily lives. Everywhere, all the time, populations of organisms are fine tuning adaptations to Iocal environments through the evolutionary process of natural selection. Given the dynamics of Earth and its life, it is not surprising that even the kinds of organisms on the planet-the species-have changed over time.
Câu hỏi số 1:
The word “eradicate” in the first paragraph can be best replaced by ________ .
Câu hỏi số 2:
The phrase “an estimated 3 million people” is closest in meaning to _______ .
Câu hỏi số 3:
A tiny mosquito thwarted the best efforts of a large group of scientists ________ .
Câu hỏi số 4:
The increase of pesticide-resistant insects_________ .
Câu hỏi số 5:
Relatively few insects have genes that ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 6:
The word “documented” in the third paragraph means ________ .
Câu hỏi số 7:
According to the passage, the problems caused by insects show _______ .
Câu hỏi số 8:
Natural selection_____ .
Câu hỏi số 9:
The author finds the change of species on the planet _______ .
Câu hỏi số 10:
The passage was written most probably to ________ .
Bài 159:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Archaeologists have found the earliest known evidence of a special connection between humans and cats. Last month in Cyprus they discovered the grave of a 30-year-old villager who died 9,500 years ago. With the body, they found jewelry, seashells, and other items. Less than a meter (3 feet) away, in another grave almost certainly made at the same time, lay the bones of a young cat. Cat bones have been found before near early human settlements, but scientists believe they belonged to wild cats. These cats probably stayed around human villages to catch the mice and rats attracted by the supplies of food.
The new find on Cyprus, however, seems to indicate that the cats in this village were tamed and had some special role to play in human activities or a special relationship with certain individuals. These bones showed no signs of having been butchered for eating. And since they were in the right places in the skeleton, the animal must have been buried soon after death; otherwise, the bones would have been taken by other animals. Other animals were tamed before cats. The first dogs (actually a type of wolf) are known to have lived with humans as early as 15,000 years ago. Their importance in early human settlements is shown by the evidence of dog graves from 12,500 years ago in Israel.
The goat was probably the first animal to produce milk for humans, around 10,000 years ago. But until now, the first evidence of household cats came from Egypt only 4,000 years ago. The discovery of the skeleton of this cat, which had clearly been handled with care, is very exciting for archaeologists.
Câu hỏi số 1:
The word “evidence” in the first paragraph can be best replaced by _________ .
Câu hỏi số 2:
Things found in the grave of the villager are _______ .
Câu hỏi số 3:
The bones found in the grave nearby are believed to belong to _______ .
Câu hỏi số 4:
Wild cats are thought to live by eating ______ .
Câu hỏi số 5:
The discovery of the cat grave suggests that_____ .
Câu hỏi số 6:
The word “tamed” in the second paragraph means___ .
Câu hỏi số 7:
According to the passage, if the bones had not been buricd right after the cat died, _______.
Câu hỏi số 8:
That animals played an important role in human life was first based on the evidence found ________ .
Câu hỏi số 9:
The author says that the scientists found the discovery of household cat skeleton __________ .
Câu hỏi số 10:
The passage is most probably found in a ________ .
Bài 160:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
What do you do if your cell phone rings while you are with a group of people? If you are French, you will probably ignore the call. If you are English, you may walk away from the group to answer it. If you are Spanish, you are likely to answer it there in the middle of the group and invite everyone around you to join the conversation. As many travelers have noticed, there are considerable differences from one country to another in the way people use their cell phones. This has been confirmed by a recent study of cell phone use in three European cities-Madrid, London, and Paris.
According to Amparo Lasen, the Spanish sociologist who conducted the study, there were no real surprises for anyone who is familiar with the customs in these cities. Lasen interviewed people and observed their behavior in three different settings: a major train station, a commercial area, and a business district in each city. She found that Londoners use their cell phones the least in public. If they are with others, they prefer to let calls be answered by voice mail (a recorded message) and then they check for messages later. If the English do answer a call on the street, they seem to dislike talking with others around. They tend to move away from a crowded sidewalk and seek out a place where they cannot be heard, such as the far side of a subway entrance or even the edge of a street. They seem to feel that the danger of the traffic is preferable to the risk of having their conversation be overheard. This has led to a behavior that Laser) has called "clustering." At a busy time of day on the streets of London, you may find small crowds of cell phone users grouped together, each one talking into a cell phone. Even when it is raining-as it often is in London-people still prefer not to hold their conversations where others could hear. They talk under their umbrellas or in a doorway.
In Madrid, on the other hand, few people use voice mail because the Spanish dislike talking with machines rather than real voices. If there is no answer, they don't leave a message. They prefer to try again later or wait for a return call. And since the Spanish are not shy about answering their calls in public, the call may come sooner than it would in London or Paris. In fact, in Madrid it is common to hear loud and lively phone conversations on the street, accompanied by shouts, laughter and the waving of hands. In fact, sometimes it happens that a group of friends may be walking down the street together, each talking on their own phone, but smiling and nodding as though it were one large conversation that everyone could hear. Even when they are not using their phones, the Spanish often hold them in their hands as they walk down the steet or put them on the table at a restaurant, so they will not miss any incoming calls. In a movie theater, not only do cell phones occasionally ring, but people sometimes answer them and have brief conversations. In Paris, however, there are stricter rules about how and when to use cell phones. It is not considered polite to use a phone in a restaurant, for instance, though it might be acceptable in the more informal setting of a café. One special custom that has developed in cafés seems unique to Paris. Young women often place their cell phones on the table beside them to signal that they are expecting someone. When the friend arrives, the phone is put away. In fact, the French are generally very disapproving of phone use in public and are quick to express that disapproval, even to strangers.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What is the main idea of the passage?
Câu hỏi số 2:
What does the word "ignore" in line 2 of the first paragraph mean?
Câu hỏi số 3:
How many places was the study conducted in?
Câu hỏi số 4:
What is the purpose of the study?
Câu hỏi số 5:
When an English person wants to answer a phone call, what does he do?
Câu hỏi số 6:
What is the English's biggest concern when they talk on their mobile phone?
Câu hỏi số 7:
Why do the Spanish dislike voicemail?
Câu hỏi số 8:
What can be inferred about the Spanish?
Câu hỏi số 9:
In Paris, if a woman puts her phone on a table in a restaurant, what is the message?
Câu hỏi số 10:
What can we infer about the French?
Còn hàng ngàn bài tập hay, nhanh tay thử sức!
>> Luyện thi tốt nghiệp THPT và Đại học, mọi lúc, mọi nơi tất cả các môn cùng các thầy cô giỏi nổi tiếng, dạy hay dễ hiểu trên Tuyensinh247.com.
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Hỗ trợ - Hướng dẫn
-
024.7300.7989
-
1800.6947
(Thời gian hỗ trợ từ 7h đến 22h)
Email: lienhe@tuyensinh247.com
