Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
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Bài 161:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Leeches are small wormlike creatures that live in water and suck the blood of animals and humans. In the past, though, leeches were commonly used in medicine to drain blood from people. Then advances in science led to other kinds of treatments, and leeches disappeared from the sick room. Now, however, they are making a comeback. Leeches are being used after operations for the reattachment of body parts, in the prevention of pain from arthritis, and in the treatment of heart disease. The use of leeches in medicine goes back at least 2,500 years. Doctors used them to treat the sick in ancient Egypt, India, Persia, and Greece. It was believed in those days that taking blood from patients helped to bring their bodies back into balance. This belief and the practice of draining blood with leeches continued through the ages, reaching a high point in early nineteenth century France. At that time. Parisian hospitals required as many as 6 million leeches a year for their patients.
By the middle of the nineteenth century, however, the practice of draining blood from patients was becoming less popular. With a better understanding of diseases and of the human body, doctors realized that taking blood from the patient (with or without leeches) was not always helpful and leeches made no real difference in many cases. By the twentieth century. doctors had completely abandoned the use of leeches to drain blood. But in 1985 Dr. Joseph Upton, a surgeon in Boston, Massachusetts, discovered a new use for them. Faced with a young patient whose ear had been bitten off by a dog, Upton successfully reattached the ear in a twelve-hour operation. However, within three days, the ear had turned black because blood could not move through it properly. During the operation, it had been fairly easy for Upton to reattach the arteries that brought blood to his patient's ear, since artery walls are thick and easy to see. However, since the veins that carry blood away from the ear are much smaller and hard to find. Upton had not been able to reattach enough of them. If something wasn't done quickly, the ear would not survive.
Luckily, Dr. Upton remembered an article he had read about research into the properties of leeches. Though the results of the research were stilt uncertain, Upton decided to take a chance. He bought some leeches from a laboratory and placed them on the boy's ear and they began to feed. The boy felt no pain because the mouths of leeches contain a natural painkiller. As the leeches sucked some of the extra blood out of the boy's ear, they added a special chemical to the blood so it would not harden and form clots and it would flow more easily. Within a few minutes, the boy's ear began to lose the terrible black color. The leeches had soon eaten enough and fell off. Several days later, after applying more leeches, the boy's ear was entirely pink and healthy. Other doctors then began to experiment with the use of leeches in the reattachment of other body parts, and finally. in 2004. the United States Food and Drug Administration approved the use of medicinal leeches in reconstructive surgery.
Câu hỏi số 1:
All of the following is True about leeches EXCEPT that_________.
Câu hỏi số 2:
The phrase "the sick room" in line 3 of the first paragra, means___________.
Câu hỏi số 3:
The use of leeches to drain blood was most popular____________.
Câu hỏi số 4:
The use of leeches was reduced and then abandoned____________.
Câu hỏi số 5:
When Upton tried to reattach the ear for the patient,__________.
Câu hỏi số 6:
The boy didn't feel painful when leeches sucked on the blood from his ear because__________.
Câu hỏi số 7:
When the leeched sucked the extra blood from the boys' ear,_______.
Câu hỏi số 8:
When leeches had sucked enough blood,____________.
Câu hỏi số 9:
After Upton,____________.
Câu hỏi số 10:
The best title of the passage is___________.
Bài 162:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Cell Phones in Africa
Starting time the African continent is home to some of the poorest countries on earth, where people struggle to feed their families on less than $2.00 a day. Nevertheless, Africa is also the world's fastest growing market for cell phones. Cell phones have brought twenty-first century technology to villages where people light their huts with candles and walk hours to find drinking water. Some experts think cell phones will improve life for the 680 million Africans more than any other invention of our time. Why are cell phones spreading so rapidly in Africa?
One reason is simply that other forms of communication are difficult. The roads are terrible in many countries, making travel lengthy and expensive. Regular phones require lines to be laid across Africa's vast - jungles and deserts. Cell phones, however, send their signals from towers, which can easily be constructed by hand, sometimes out of leftover pieces of metal. Furthermore, with the difficult economic situation in many African countries, cell phones can be extremely useful. Many Africans have had to move far from their home villages to look for work. With a cell phone, they can call hregularly and keep in touch or even send money. It is also possible in some countries to make purchases or bank deposits with cell phones. People who run small businesses can use the phones to send in orders or keep in touch with customers. Others can make money selling phone time to those who don't have a cell phone of their own.
Recent studies have shown that where cell phone use has increased in Africa, the economy has been strengthened and the people are better off. In Uganda, for example, a charity group has started a new program with Uganda's largest cell phone company. The program, called villagePhone, helps village women get started as phone owners. The women borrow small amounts of money from banks connected to villagePhone and then use that loan money to buy a phone and some calling minutes. Then they can sell phone time in the village to people without phones. In very little time, these women are usually able to repay the money they have borrowed. A • 0 such woman named Fatima had a small shop in her Ugandan village whe she sold household goods and food to support her four children. In the p Fatima rarely had enough money to buy things to sell in her store and so s made very little money from her business. B • However, she realized there was a need for a telephone in her village, since the closest phone was 6.7 miles (4 km) away. She bought a phone with a loan from villagePhone and ran it off an automobile battery. Since starting her villagePhone business, Fatima's income has grown. What's more, her store is now a center of village life. Fatima's story is like many throughout Uganda. C • And for each woman with a phone, a whole village has access to new services new economic possibilities. A similar program has started in neighboring Rwanda. Soon women there will be using cell phones to raise their income level and improve their lives. D •
Câu hỏi số 1:
What can be inferred about the life of African countries?
Câu hỏi số 2:
Which of the following is NOT True about the Afric continent?
Câu hỏi số 3:
What is the main reason for the popularity of mobile phon in Africa?
Câu hỏi số 4:
For which of the following are mobile phones NOT often used by Africans working far from home?
Câu hỏi số 5:
What can be inferred about the use of mobile phones in thee life of Africans?
Câu hỏi số 6:
What is villagePhone?
Câu hỏi số 7:
What do women do with the money they borrow from the bank?
Câu hỏi số 8:
What is NOT True about Fatima?
Câu hỏi số 9:
Which of the following best summarizes the sentence in italics in the final paragraph?
Câu hỏi số 10:
Look the gaps [•] in the final paragraph. Where does the following sentence best fit? "Her villagePhone business is one of about 2.000 such success stories, with more women joining every day"
Bài 163:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
In the United States and other developed countries, air-conditioning is so common that it is difficult to remember what life was like before it existed. First invented in 1902 in Buffalo, New York, air-conditioning keeps homes, cars, offices, and shopping centers cool and dry, all at the push of a button. While many may consider air-conditioning one of life's necessary luxuries, few are aware of how air-conditioning has changed many aspects of the way we now live. One of the first areas where air-conditioning had an impact was in industry. In the early 1900s factory owners began tc use air-conditioning to create better conditions for the storage of supplies. Before long,- however, they realized that air-conditioning was also useful on the factory floor, as it resulted in higher production levels. Air-conditioning has undoubtedly been an important factor in the growth of industry, since it allows ma cturing to continue at the same pace year round even in the warmest climates.
Air-conditioning next became common in movie theaters, offices. and stores. Then, after the end of the Second World War, smaller, less expensive air-conditioning units became available, and this made air-conditioning affordable for private homes. Many of the returning soldiers and their new families moved to the suburbs outside America's major cities with a desire to put the war behind them and live the good life. Air-condi "oned homes were part of that life, and this led to a number of li imporn t changes in American society. One big change was in architecture Form ly, homes were built with high ceilings and second stories so that hot air could rise away from main living areas in the summer. With air-conditioning, inexpensive one-level homes could be kept cool in the hottest weather. Additionally, many homes once had front porches where American families gathered in the evening to escape the heat. Family members could talk to each other and to neighbors or passersby. With air-conditioning. however, porches disappeared from new houses and people moved indoors instead. Along with other factors, such as the invention of television, this led to a weakening of Americans' sense of community.
The rise of air-conditioning also allowed the creation of large mall with shops, walkways, movie theaters, and restaurants that are comfortable the year round. In suburban America in the second half of the twentieth century, the air-conditioned mall became the preferred place to go for shopping or for an afternoon's entertainment. Shoppers stopped going to tit; town and city centers, which led to the closing of many small family-owned businesses, and to the general decline of downtown areas.
Câu hỏi số 1:
In developed countries, air-conditioning is__________.
Câu hỏi số 2:
Air-conditioning first had a great influence on__________.
Câu hỏi số 3:
Air-conditioning was found useful in factories as it__________.
Câu hỏi số 4:
The word "undoubtedly" in line 12 of the first paragraph can be best replaced by_______.
Câu hỏi số 5:
The word "pace" in line 13 of the first paragraph is closest in meaning to________.
Câu hỏi số 6:
During the 2nd World War air-conditioning was_______.
Câu hỏi số 7:
After the 2nd World War, air-conditioning was considered as an aspect of________.
Câu hỏi số 8:
The popularity of air-conditioning encouraged the formation of_________.
Câu hỏi số 9:
It can be inferred from the passage that in the other half of the 20th century, family-owned shops were__________.
Câu hỏi số 10:
The best title of the passage is___________.
Bài 164:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The word robot first appeared in a 1921 stage play by Czech writer Karel Capek. In the play, a man makes a machine that can think, which he calls a robot and which ends up killing its owner. In the 1940s, the American science fiction writer Isaac Asimov wrote a series of stories about robots and invented the term robotics, the science of robots. Meanwhile, in the real world, the first robots were developed by an engineer, Joseph F. Engelberger, and an inventor, George C. Devol. Together they started Unimation, a manufacturing company that produced the first real robot in 1961, called the Unimate. Robots of this type were installed at a General Motors automobile plant and proved to be a success. They worked reliably and saved money for General Motors, so other companies were soon acquiring robots as well.
These industrial robots were nothing like the terrifying creatures that can often be seen in science fiction films. In fact, these robots looked and behaved nothing like humans. They were simply pieces of computer-controlled machinery, with metal "arms" or "hands." Since they were made of metal, they could perform certain jobs that were difficult or dangerous for humans, particularly jobs that involve high heat. And since robots were tireless and never got hungry, sleepy, or distracted, they were useful for tasks that would be tiring or boring for humans. Industrial robots have been improved over the years, and today they are used in many factories around the world. Though the use of robots has meant the loss of some jobs, at the same time other jobs have been created in the design, development, and production of the robots.
• Outside of industry, robots have also been developed and put to use by governments and scientists in situations where humans might be in danger. For example, they can be sent in to investigate an unexploded bomb or an accident at a nuclear power plant. B• In space exploration, robots have performed many key tasks where humans could not be present, such as on the surface of Mars. C• In 2004, two robotic Rovers-small six-wheeled computerized cars-were sent to Mars. D•
Câu hỏi số 1:
When did the word "robot" appear?
Câu hỏi số 2:
What can be said about Karel Capek?
Câu hỏi số 3:
What is Unimation?
Câu hỏi số 4:
What are industrial robots like?
Câu hỏi số 5:
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of robots?
Câu hỏi số 6:
What can be said about robots?
Câu hỏi số 7:
Outside of industry, how are robots used?
Câu hỏi số 8:
Look at the gaps • in the final paragraph of the passage. Where does the following sentence best fit? "Researchers also use robots to collect samples of hot rocks or gases in active volcanoes".
Câu hỏi số 9:
Which of the following best paraphrases the final sentence of the first paragraph (in italics)?
Câu hỏi số 10:
What is the author's attitude towards robots?
Bài 165:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The goal of Internet-based encyclopedia Wikipedia (www.wikipedia.orgi is to give everyone on the planet free access to information. Like other encyclopedias, Wikipedia contains lots of information: more than 2.5 million articles in 200 different languages covering just about every subject. Unlike other encyclopedias, however, Wikipedia is not written by experts, but by ordinary people. These writers are not paid and their names are not published. They contribute to Wikipedia simply because they want to share their knowledge.
Encyclopedias began in ancient times as collections of writings about all aspects of human knowledge. The word itself comes from ancient Greek, and means "a complete general education." Real popularity for encyclopedias came in the nineteenth century in Europe and the United States, with the publication of encyclopedias written for ordinary readers. With the invention of the CD-ROM, the same amount of information could be put on a few computer discs. Then with the Internet, it became possible to create an online encyclopedia that could be constantly updated, like Microsoft's Encarta. However, even Internet-based encyclopedias like Encarta were written by paid experts. At first, Wildipedia, the Ixainchild of Jimmy Wales, a businessman in Chicago, was not so different from these. In 2001, he had the idea for an Internet-based encyclopedia that would provide information quickly and easily to everyone. Furthermore, that information Nkpuld be a ' ble free, unlike other Internet encyclopedias at the time.
But Wales, like everyone else, believed that people with special knowledge were needed to write the articles, and so he began by hiring experts. He soon changed his approach, however, as it took them a long time to finish their work. He He decided to open up the encyclopedia in a radical new way, so that everyone would have access not only to the information, but also to the process of putting this information online. To do this, he used what is known as "Wiki" software (from the Hawaiian word for "fast"), which allows users to create or alter content on a web page. The system is very simple: When you open the web site, you can simply search for information or you can log on to become a writer or editor of articles. If you find an article that interests you- about your hometown, for example-you can correct it or expand it. This process goes on until no one is interested in making any more changes.
Câu hỏi số 1:
Wikipedia is a(n)__________.
Câu hỏi số 2:
Wikipedia is written by_________.
Câu hỏi số 3:
The phrase "these writers" in line six of the first paragraph refers to______.
Câu hỏi số 4:
The phrase "the word" in line two of the second paragraph refers to________.
Câu hỏi số 5:
Microsoft's Encarta is cited in the passage as an example of__________.
Câu hỏi số 6:
The word "brainchild" in line 10 of the second paragraph of the passage can be best replaced by_________.
Câu hỏi số 7:
The word "approach" in line three of the third paragraph of the passage means__________.
Câu hỏi số 8:
The user of Wikipedia can do all of the following EXCEPT_________.
Câu hỏi số 9:
We can say that Jimmy Wales____________.
Câu hỏi số 10:
Wiki software enables_____.
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