Đánh giá năng lực Hà Nội
Đánh giá năng lực Hà Nội
Dạng bài Đọc hiểu lớp 12
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Bài 31:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
Newspaper publishers in the United States have long been enthusiastic users and distributors of weather maps. Although some newspapers that had carried the United States Weather Bureau's national weather map in 1912 dropped it once the novelty had passed, many continued to print the daily weather chart provided by their local forecasting office. In the 1930's, when interest in aviation and progress in air-mass analysis made weather patterns more news worthy, additional newspapers started or resumed the daily weather map. In 1935, The Associated Press (AP) news service inaugurated its Wire Photo network and offered subscribing newspapers morning and afternoon weather maps redrafted by the AP's Washington, B.C., office from charts provided by the government agency. Another news service, United Press International (UPI), developed a competing photo-wire network and also provided timely weather maps for both morning and afternoon newspapers. After the United States government launched a series of weather satellites in 1966, both the AP and UPI offered cloud-cover photos obtained from the Weather Bureau. In the late 1970's and early 1980's, the weather map became an essential ingredient in the redesign of the American newspaper. News publishers, threatened by increased competition from television for readers' attention, sought to package the news more conveniently and attractively. In 1982, many publishers felt threatened by the new USA Today, a national daily newspaper that used a page-wide, full-color weather map as its key design element. That the weather map in USA Today did not include information about weather fronts and pressures attests to the largely symbolic role it played. Nonetheless, competing local and metropolitan newspapers responded in a variety of ways. Most substituted full-color temperature maps for the standard weather maps, while others dropped the comparatively drab satellite photos or added regional forecast maps with pictorial symbols to indicate rainy, snowy, cloudy, or clear conditions. A few newspapers, notably The New York Times, adopted a highly informative yet less visually prominent weather map that was specially designed to explain an important recent or imminent weather event. Ironically, a newspaper's richest, most instructive weather maps often are comparatively small and inconspicuous.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Câu hỏi số 2:
The word ‘resumed’ is closest in meaning to __________ .
Câu hỏi số 3:
According to the passage, one important reason why newspapers printed daily weather maps during the first half of the twentieth century was __________ .
Câu hỏi số 4:
What regular service did The Associated Press and United Press International begin to offer subscribing newspapers in the 1930’s?
Câu hỏi số 5:
The phrase ‘attests to’ is closest in meaning to __________ .
Câu hỏi số 6:
The word ‘others’ refers to __________ .
Câu hỏi số 7:
The word ‘drab’ could best be replaced by __________ .
Câu hỏi số 8:
In contrast to the weather maps of USA Today, weather maps in The New York Times tended to be __________ .
Câu hỏi số 9:
The word ‘prominent’ is closest in meaning to __________ .
Câu hỏi số 10:
The author uses the term ‘Ironically’ to indicate that a weather map’ s appearance __________ .
Bài 32:
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The stylistic innovation in painting known as Impressionism began in the 1870’s. The Impressionists wanted to depict what they saw in nature, but they were inspired to portray fragmentary moments by the increasingly fast pace of modern life. They concentrated on the play of light over objects, people, and nature, breaking up seemingly solid surfaces, stressing vivid contrast between colors in sunlight and shade, and depiction reflected light in all of its possibilities. Unlike earlier artists, they did not want to observe the world from indoors. They abandoned the studio, painting in the open air and recording spontaneous Impressions of their subjects instead of making outside sketches and then moving indoors to complete the work form memory.
Some of the Impressionists’ painting methods were affected by technological advances. For example, the shift from the studio to the open air was made possible in part by the advent of cheap rail travel, which permitted easy and quick access to the countryside or seashore, as well as by newly developed chemical dyes and oils that led to collapsible paint tubes, which enabled artists to finish their paintings on the spot.
Impressionism acquired its name not from supporters but from angry art lovers who felt threatened by the new painting. The term “Impressionism” was born in 1874, when a group of artists who had been working together organized an exhibition of their paintings in order to draw public attention to their work. Reaction from the public and press was immediate, and derisive. Among the 165 paintings exhibited was one called Impression: Sunrise, by Claude Monet (1840-1926), viewed through hostile eyes, Monet’s painting of a rising sun over a misty, watery scene seemed messy, slapdash, and an affront to good taste. Borrowing Monet’s title, art critics extended the term “Impressionism” to the entire exhibit. In response, Monet and his 29 fellow artists in the exhibit adopted the same name as a badge of their unity, despite individual differences. From then until 1886 Impressionism had all the zeal of a “church”, as the painter Renoir put it. Monet was faithful to the Impressionist creed until his death, although many of the others moved on to new styles.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What aspect of painting in the nineteenth century does the passage mainly discuss?
Câu hỏi số 2:
The word “depict” is closest in meaning to ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 3:
According to the passage, which of the following was one of the distinguishing characteristics of Impressionist painting?
Câu hỏi số 4:
Which of the following is a significant way in which Impressionists were different from the artists that preceded them?
Câu hỏi số 5:
The word “advent” is closest in meaning to___________ .
Câu hỏi số 6:
The exhibition of paintings organized in 1874 resulted in all of the following EXCEPT ___________ .
Câu hỏi số 7:
The word “affront” is closest in meaning to___________ .
Câu hỏi số 8:
The rejection of the Impressionist exhibition by critics was caused by which of the following?
Câu hỏi số 9:
The author mentions Renoir to give an example of an artist who___________ .
Câu hỏi số 10:
The word “others” refers to___________ .
Bài 33:
Read the passages and choose the best answer to the questions following it.
Choosing a career may be one of the hardest jobs you ever have, and it must be done with care. View a career as an opportunity to do something you love, not simply as a way to earn a living. Investing the time and effort to thoroughly explore your options can mean the difference between finding a stimulating and rewarding career and move from job to unsatisfying job in an attempt to find the right one. Work influences virtually every aspect of your life, from your choice of friends to where you live. Here are just a few of the factors to consider.
Deciding what matters most to you is essential to making the right decision. You may want to begin by assessing your likes, dislikes, strengths, and weaknesses. Think about the classes, hobbies, and surroundings that you find most appealing. Ask yourself questions, such as "Would you like to travel? Do you want to work with children? Are you more suited to solitary or cooperative work?" There are no right or wrong answers; only you know what is important to you. Determine which job features you require, which ones you would prefer, and which ones you cannot accept. Then rank them in order of importance to you.
The setting of the job is one factor to take into account. You may not want to sit at a desk all day. If not, there are diversity occupations - building inspector, supervisor, real estate agent - that involve a great deal of time away from the office. Geographical location may be a concern, and employment in some fields is concentrated in certain regions. Advertising job can generally be found only in large cities. On the other hand, many industries such as hospitality, law education, and retail sales are found in all regions of the country.
If a high salary is important to you, do not judge a career by its starting wages. Many jobs, such as insurance sales, offers relatively low starting salaries; however, pay substantially increases along with your experience, additional training, promotions and commission.
Don't rule out any occupation without learning more about it. Some industries evoke positive or negative associations. The traveling life of a flight attendant appears glamorous, while that of a plumber does not. Remember that many jobs are not what they appear to be at first, and may have merits or demerits that are less obvious. Flight attendants must work long, grueling hours without sleeps, whereas plumbers can be as highly paid as some doctors. Another point to consider is that as you mature, you will likely develop new interests and skills that may point the way to new opportunities. The choice you make today need not be your final one.
Câu hỏi số 1:
The word "them" in paragraph 2 refers to _______.
Câu hỏi số 2:
Why does the author mention "long, grueling hours without sleeps" in paragraph 5?
Câu hỏi số 3:
The author states that "There are no right or wrong answers" in order to _______.
Câu hỏi số 4:
The word "evoke" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to _______.
Câu hỏi số 5:
It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that _______.
Câu hỏi số 6:
The word "that" in paragraph 5 refers to _______.
Câu hỏi số 7:
The word "assessing" in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by _______.
Câu hỏi số 8:
The word "take into account" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _______.
Câu hỏi số 9:
In paragraph 5, the author suggests that _______.
Câu hỏi số 10:
According to the passage, which of the following is true?
Bài 34:
Read the passages and choose the best answer to the questions following it.
In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can undo. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching, and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances.
Many explanations have been advanced for children's superiority: they exploit Motherese (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors unself-consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have no first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age.
Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elissa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese-born students at the University of Illinois who had spent at least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were given a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical error. The immigrants who came to the United States between the ages of 3 and 7 performed identically to American-born students. Those who arrived between the ages of 8 and 15 did worse the later they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival.
Câu hỏi số 1:
The passage mainly discusses ________.
Câu hỏi số 2:
From the passage, it can be inferred that "phonology" is the study of _ _______.
Câu hỏi số 3:
The word "cap" in line 5 is closest in ________.
Câu hỏi số 4:
According to the passage, young children learn languages quickly for all of the following reasons EXCEPT ________.
Câu hỏi số 5:
The word "set" in line 9 could best be replaced by ________.
Câu hỏi số 6:
The word "unrelated" in line 19 i s closest meaning to in meaning to ________.
Câu hỏi số 7:
In the experiment in the passage, the psychologists discovered ________.
Câu hỏi số 8:
The word "who" in line 14 refers to ________.
Câu hỏi số 9:
According to the passage, what was the purpose of examining a sample number of immigrants?
Câu hỏi số 10:
Where in the passage does the author mention that children acquire their own language easily?
Bài 35:
Read the passage and mark the letter A, B , C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Since the dawn of time, people have found ways to communicate with one another. Smoke signals and tribal drums were some of the earliest forms of communication. Letters, carried by birds or by humans on foot or on horseback, made it possible for people to communicate larger amounts of information between two places. The telegram and telephone set the stage for more modern means of communication. With the invention of the cellular phone, communication itself has become mobile.
For you, a cell phone is probably just a device that you and your friends use to keep in touch with family and friends, take pictures, play games, or send text message. The definition of a cell phone is more specific: it is a hand- held wireless communication device that sends and receives signals by way of small special areas called cells.
Walkie - talkies, telephones and cell phones are duplex communication devices: They make it possible for two people to talk to each other. Cell phones and walkie- talkies are different from regular phones because they can be used in many different locations. A walkie- talkie is sometimes called a half- duplex communication device because only one person can talk at a time. A cell phone is a full- duplex device because it uses both frequencies at the same time. A walkie-talkie has only one channel. A cell phone has more than a thousand channels. A walkie- talkie can transmit and receive signals across a distance of about a mile. A cell phone can transmit and receive signals over hundreds of miles. In 1973, an electronic company called Motorola hired Martin Cooper to work on wireless communication. Motorola and Bell Laboratories ( now AT& T) were in a race to invent the first portable communication device. Martin Cooper won the race and became the inventor of the cell phone. On April 3, 1973, Cooper made the first cell phone call to his opponent at AT& T while walking down the streets of New York city. People on the sidewalks gazed at cooper in amazement. Cooper's phone was called A Motorola Dyna- Tac. It weighed a whopping 2.5 pounds ( as compared to today's cell phones that weigh as little as 3 or 4 ounces)
After the invention of his cell phone, Cooper began thinking of ways to make the cell phone available to the general public. After a decade, Motorola introduced the first cell phone for commercial use. The early cell phone and its service were both expensive. The cell phone itself cost about $ 3, 500. In 1977, AT & T constructed a cell phone system and tried it out in Chicago with over 2, 000 customers. In 1981, a second cellular phone system was started in the Washington, D.C and Baltimore area. It took nearly 37 years for cell phones to become available for general public use. Today, there are more than sixty million cell phone customers with cell phones producing over thirty billion dollars per years.
Câu hỏi số 1:
What is the main idea of the passage?
Câu hỏi số 2:
What definition is true of a cell phone?
Câu hỏi số 3:
What is wrong about a walkie- talkie?
Câu hỏi số 4:
The word" duplex" is closest meaning to _________ .
Câu hỏi số 5:
To whom did Cooper make his first cell phone call?
Câu hỏi số 6:
How heavy is the first cell phone compared to today's cell phones?
Câu hỏi số 7:
When did Motorola introduce the first cell phones for commercial use?
Câu hỏi số 8:
When did AT& T widely start their cellular phone system?
Câu hỏi số 9:
What does the word" gazed" mean?
Câu hỏi số 10:
The phrase " tried it out" refers to __________ .
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